Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40102360›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2025

Modulating Multiple Molecular Trajectories by Nutraceuticals and/or Physical Activity in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-Like Behaviors in Rat Pups.

Karema Abu-Elfotuh, Gellan Alaa Mohamed Kamel, Mazin A A Najm, Ahmed M E Hamdan, Mona T Koullah, Rasha K E Fahmy, Heba Abdelnaser Aboelsoud, Manar A Alghusn, Budor R Albalawi, Ahmed M Atwa and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Can maternal metformin protect the developing fetal brain?American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2026
    Trial
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Karema Abu-ElfotuhDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
Gellan Alaa Mohamed KamelDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt.
Mazin A A NajmDepartment of Pharmacy, Mazaya University College, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, Iraq.
Ahmed M E HamdanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. a_hamdan@ut.edu.sa.
Mona T KoullahDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
Rasha K E FahmyDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
Heba Abdelnaser AboelsoudDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
Manar A AlghusnFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, 74191, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Budor R AlbalawiFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, 74191, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed M AtwaCollege of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, An Nasiriyah, AUIQ, Iraq.
Khaled R AbdelhakimHistology Department, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
Abdou M A ElsharkawyAnatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Ehsan K MohamedBiochemistry Department Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization of Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt.
Nada S AbdouFaculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt.
Reema AlmotairiPrince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research (PFSCBR), University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Hoda A SalemDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
Ayah M H GowifelPharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo, 11571, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting cognitive and social functions all over childhood. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a common food additive associated with ADHD-like symptoms in children. Nutraceuticals, like sesamol (SE) and astaxanthin (AST), or physical activity (PHA) were reported to possess beneficial effects on human health. Meanwhile, still their neuroprotective effect against ADHD has been poorly investigated. This study aimed to investigate the impact of SE, AST and PHA either separately or combined on ADHD-like behaviors induced by MSG in rat pups. Eighty-four male Sprague Dawley rat pups were randomly allocated into seven groups; control, MSG, (PHA + MSG), (SE + MSG), (AST + MSG), (SE + AST + MSG), and (COMB [PHA + SE + AST] + MSG) and treated for eight weeks. MSG-induced ADHD-like behavior was evaluated, via assessing behavioral outcomes; neurotransmitters' levels; five pathway biomarkers, coupled with histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. Rats exposed to PHA or treated with SE or AST either separately or combined exhibited enhanced attention, locomotor, and cognitive abilities, compared to MSG-intoxicated group. All treatments remarkably improved MSG-induced abnormalities in neurotransmitters' levels; biochemical markers; along with histological findings, via modulating HMGB1/RAGE/JAK-2/STAT-3, PI3K/AKT/CREB/BDNF, AMPK/SIRT-1 and PERK/CHOP pathways. Nevertheless, the combination of PHA with nutraceuticals (SE and AST) elicited more favorable effects in all measured parameters and histological findings, compared to other treated groups. In conclusion, this study revealed the superiority of the combination of nutraceuticals with PHA, over other standalone treatments, in amelioration of MSG-induced ADHD-like behaviors in rat pups, via fine-tuning of HMGB1/RAGE, PI3K/AKT/CREB/BDNF, AMPK/SIRT-1 and PERK/CHOP pathways.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityDietary SupplementsPhysical Conditioning, AnimalAnimalsBehavior, AnimalMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySodium GlutamateXanthophyllsastaxanthineSodium GlutamateXanthophyllsADHDAstaxanthinAutophagyEndoplasmic reticulum stressMonosodium glutamatePhysical activitySesamol

Identifiers

PMID40102360
PMCPMC11920304

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.