SynthesisBMJ open2025
Association of 15 common dietary factors with tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Frequency-Based Proxy Score for Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Among Adolescents: Associations with Lifestyle Factors and Tinnitus.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Nutritional Strategies and Dietary Patterns in Ménière's Disease and Tinnitus: A Scoping Review of the Available Evidence.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Potential protective role of soluble fiber in mitigating tinnitus symptoms: A case-control study.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveA systematic analysis was conducted to investigate the association between tinnitus incidence and daily dietary patterns.
designWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. DATA SOURCES: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched from their inception to 25 May 2024. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: We included observational studies from peer-reviewed English-language journals that examined tinnitus presence or severity in adults aged 18 years or older, including associated prevalence estimates. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Data extraction was independently conducted by two evaluators, who assessed research bias using the Agency for Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and applied evidence classification criteria for aggregate grade strength assessment. This study adhered to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Project (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Observational Studies, as well as the PROSPERO Registry protocols. A mixed-effect model combined maximum adjusted estimates, with heterogeneity measured using the I
resultsA total of 10 retrospective studies were identified and included in this analysis, with the last eight studies incorporated into the meta-analysis. Fifteen dietary factors were examined. Fruit intake, dietary fibre, caffeine and dairy product consumption were negatively correlated with tinnitus incidence (OR=0.649 (95% CI 0.532, 0.793), p<0.0001), (OR=0.918 (95% CI 0.851, 0.990), p=0.03), (OR=0.898 (95% CI 0.862, 0.935), p<0.00001), (OR=0.827 (95% CI 0.766, 0.892), p<0.00001), respectively. A sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings.
conclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis suggest a link between particular dietary elements and a lower incidence of tinnitus. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023493856.
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