Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40101955›Full record

ArticleInjury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention2025

Change in suicides during and after the installation of barriers at the Golden Gate Bridge.

Sangsoo Shin, Jane Pirkis, Angela Clapperton, Matthew Spittal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sangsoo ShinCentre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia sangsoo.shin@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6698-2113
Jane PirkisCentre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Angela ClappertonCentre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-3404
Matthew SpittalCentre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2841-1536

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRestricting access to means is a highly effective suicide prevention strategy for some methods. We evaluated the effectiveness of nets installed at the Golden Gate Bridge to prevent suicides by jumping at this site.

methodsWe used Poisson regression analyses to model suicide before, during and after the installation of safety nets at the Golden Gate Bridge between January 2000 and December 2024. We also modelled the number of times a third party intervened with someone showing signs of imminent suicide risk on the bridge.

resultsThere were 681 suicides at the site. There were 2.48 suicides per month before installation of the safety nets, 1.83 during installation and 0.67 after installation. During the installation of the nets, suicides declined by 26% (rate ratio (RR)=0.74, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.90) and after installation by 73% (RR=0.27, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.54). There were 2901 instances where a third party intervened, 8.22 per month before installation, 14.42 during installation and 11.00 after installation. The number of interventions by a third party increased during installation by 75% (RR=1.75, 95% CI 1.62 to 1.90) and after installation by 34% (RR=1.34, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.60).

conclusionsThe early evidence indicates the installation of safety nets on the Golden Gate Bridge is associated with an immediate and substantial reduction in suicides at the site. This finding highlights the value of installing nets on this bridge and the importance of barriers as a strategy to prevent suicides by jumping.

Indexed as

FallInterventionsSuicide/Self-Harm

Identifiers

PMID40101955
PMCPMC13217047

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.