Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40100618›Full record

ReviewInfectious diseases and therapy2025

Risk of Severe COVID-19 in Four Immunocompromised Populations: A French Expert Perspective.

Paul Loubet, Ilies Benotmane, Slim Fourati, Florent Malard, Fanny Vuotto, Elodie Blanchard, François Raffi, Stéphanie Nguyen, Nicolas de Prost, Jérôme Avouac

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Paul LoubetVBIC, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nîmes, Place du Pr Robert Debré, 30029, Nîmes Cedex 9, France. paul.loubet@chu-nimes.fr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1218-9432
Ilies BenotmaneService de Nephrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9113-2479
Slim FouratiUniversité Paris-Est-Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France.
Florent MalardSorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM UMRs938, Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire, AP-HP Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3474-0002
Fanny VuottoService de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU de Lille, Lille, France.
Elodie BlanchardService de Pneumologie, Hôpital Haut Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-9122
François RaffiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, INSERM CIC 1413, Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.
Stéphanie NguyenSorbonne Université, INSERM U1135, CNRS EMR 8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Service d'Hématologie et de Thérapies Cellulaires, AP-HP Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
Nicolas de ProstUniversité Paris-Est-Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4833-4320
Jérôme AvouacService de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP Centre Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1016/UMR 8104, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunocompromised patients are disproportionately impacted by severe disease, hospitalization, and mortality associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To optimize the management of these patients in clinical practice, we convened an expert panel to review current evidence on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine responses and severe COVID-19 in immunocompromised populations. We identified four main immunocompromised groups-solid organ transplant recipients, patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, patients treated for hematologic malignancies, and patients treated for inflammatory diseases-who mount suboptimal humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and are at increased risk of severe COVID-19-related outcomes. A wide range of risk factors were associated with reduced vaccine responses and/or poor outcomes, most commonly older age, comorbidities, and the type and number of immunosuppressive therapies. We believe that early identification and close monitoring of these at-risk patients, plus regular booster vaccinations, prophylactic monoclonal antibody therapy, non-pharmacologic prevention measures, prompt antiviral treatment, and other risk mitigation strategies, are critical to protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19.

Indexed as

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantationChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapyCOVID-19Hematologic malignancyHospitalizationImmunocompromised patientsImmunosuppressive therapyMortalitySolid organ transplantVaccination

Identifiers

PMID40100618
PMCPMC11993528

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.