Long-term outcomes beyond childhood in patients treated for congenital diaphragmatic hernia- a systematic review.

Mikal Obed, Fabian Doktor, Rachel Bercovitch, Augusto Zani, Federica Pederiva

Abstract readSystematic Review

In one paragraph

Synthesis in Pediatric surgery international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in neonates in an Australian neonatal intensive care unit network: a population-based cohort study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mikal ObedDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Fabian DoktorDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Rachel BercovitchDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Augusto ZaniDivision of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Federica PederivaPediatric Surgery, "F. Del Ponte" Hospital, ASST Settelaghi, Via Filippo del Ponte, 19, Varese, Italy. federica_pederiva@yahoo.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advancements in the management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have significantly improved survival rates, shifting the focus toward long-term outcomes in adult survivors. However, limited awareness of CDH sequelae among adult physicians complicates the transition from pediatric to adult care. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the most common long-term complications in CDH survivors aged 16 years and older following neonatal surgical repair. A literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO. Nineteen studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing 250 adult survivors (mean age: 22.1 years). Chronic lung disease was observed in 33% of patients, with 28% experiencing dyspnea during daily activities and exertion. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was present in 45%, and severe scoliosis was identified in 2.4%. Quality of life was generally reported as good, though 30% experienced depression and lower scores in vitality and mental health domains. CDH survivors frequently encounter multisystem morbidities, including pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal challenges. Structured transition programs and multidisciplinary follow-up are essential to address these needs and ensure continuity of care into adulthood. Further research is warranted to optimize outcomes and develop standardized protocols for this growing population.

Indexed as

Hernias, Diaphragmatic, CongenitalPostoperative ComplicationsAdolescentAdultHumansQuality of LifeTreatment OutcomeComplicationsCongenital diaphragmatic herniaGERDLong-term follow-upLong-term survivorsPulmonary hypertension

Identifiers

PMID40100453

DOI10.1007/s00383-025-06001-1

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.