ArticleInternational urogynecology journal2025
The Paper Perineum Model: An Accessible Three-Dimensional Model for Obstetric Laceration Simulation and Surgical Education.
Article in International urogynecology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introduction and hypothesisExisting models for obstetric laceration repair often require specialized materials and are time-consuming to construct. We created the Paper Perineum model, a paper template that can be printed, cut, and folded into a three-dimensional representation of the vagina, perineum, and anal sphincter complex. The model is designed as an accessible and low-cost educational tool specifically for nascent learners. Our objective was to assess the model's effectiveness in improving medical students' understanding of obstetric laceration repair.
methodsWe conducted a prospective pilot study with a cohort of fourth-year medical students matriculating into obstetrics and gynecology residency training. In a workshop environment, students assembled printed model templates and simulated obstetric lacerations to learn the basic steps and surgical techniques involved in repairing lacerations. Students completed surveys to self-assess their knowledge before and after the workshop.
resultsOf the 31 participants, the proportion of students who self-rated their knowledge as "moderate" or "significant" regarding the basic steps of a second-degree perineal laceration repair rose from 2/31 (6.5%) to 31/31 (P < .01); for knowledge of suture planes, the proportion increased from 1/31 (3.2%) to 31/31 (P < .01). Over 90% of students rated the model as either "very helpful" or "extremely helpful" in enhancing their understanding of vaginal and perineal anatomy, anatomical relationships, steps of a perineal laceration repair, and suture planes relevant to such repairs.
conclusionsThe Paper Perineum model is a readily accessible three-dimensional model that enables basic simulation of obstetric laceration repair and requires minimal advanced preparation from clinician educators. The model is freely available at www.paperperineum.com .
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