ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2025
Lower Tuberculosis Incidence Among People With HIV Who Completed Isoniazid Preventive Therapy in Ukraine, a High-Burden Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Setting: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Programmatic effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for people with HIV in six high-tuberculosis-burden countries (PROTECT): a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis.The lancet. HIV · 2026Pooled it
- Integrated HIV and TB Services for the Management of Coinfection in West Africa: A Scoping Review of Strategies, Outcomes, Barriers and Enablers.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Towards tuberculosis elimination in people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: evidence from a two-decade nationwide cohort in Spain.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Article
- Analysis of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Cascade Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Georgia: A Mixed-Methods Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence shows that isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) reduces tuberculosis (TB) incidence among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with additive benefit beyond antiretroviral therapy alone, but its effectiveness in settings with high multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) burden is unclear. We assessed the relationship between IPT and TB incidence among people with HIV (PWH) in Ukraine, a high-burden (32.6%) MDR-TB setting, and whether its effectiveness is maintained among virologically suppressed persons.
methodsWe analyzed national surveillance data for HIV and TB collected between 2018 and 2022. Complete IPT (n = 40 733) was defined as receipt of ≥146 days of therapy and no IPT (n = 91 022) as <28 days of therapy. We modeled TB incidence and death using Poisson regression adjusting for covariates related to receipt of IPT and TB incidence. The secondary outcome was multidrug resistance, and sensitivity analyses explored the influence of virologic suppression.
resultsOf 131 755 PWH who met inclusion criteria, 9089 (5.5%) died. Unadjusted TB incidence was 1.91 cases per 100 person-years in the No IPT group and 1.01 cases per 100 person-years in the Complete IPT group (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 1.99). MDR-TB occurred in 29.1% and 30.7% of TB cases in the Complete and No IPT groups, respectively. Among virologically suppressed PWH, persons with no IPT had a higher TB incidence (aIRR, 1.38) than those who completed IPT.
conclusionsCompleting IPT as part of a public health intervention can significantly reduce TB incidence among PWH, even in settings with high-burden MDR-TB and among the virologically suppressed.
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