ReviewKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2026
Age is not a primary risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury-A comprehensive review of anterior cruciate ligament injury and reinjury risk factors confounded by young patient age.
Review in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Return to Performance Continuum for Football (Soccer) Players After ACL Reconstruction: Bridging Rehabilitation, Return to Play and Sustained Performance.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Clinical outcomes and failure rates of combined 'Over-the-Top' anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and lateral extra-articular tenodesis in a cohort of patients with an average age of 60 years.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Morphologic Factors Associated With Secondary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2026Article
- Generalised joint hypermobility and excess knee hyperextension are associated with an increased risk for second ACL injury, but not primary ACL injury, in female football players: A 5-year follow-up.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Article
- Age is not a primary risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury-A comprehensive review of anterior cruciate ligament injury and reinjury risk factors confounded by young patient age.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Review
- High posterior tibial slope is associated with higher failure rates in nonoperative management of primary anterior cruciate ligament injury.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Revision surgery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) is hypothesized to be the result of an interplay between factors associated with the anatomy, physiological characteristics and environment of the patient. The multifactorial nature of revision ACL-R risk is difficult to quantify, and evidence regarding the independent roles of potentially important variables is inconsistent throughout the literature. Young patient age is often cited as one of the most prominent risk factors for reinjury after ACL-R. However, the association between a non-modifiable variable such as patient age and revision ACL-R risk is likely to be a spurious correlation due to the confounding effect of more important variables. From the perspective of healthcare professionals aiming to mitigate revision ACL-R risk through targeted interventions, awareness of factors like generalized joint hypermobility, bone morphology, muscle strength imbalances, and genetic factors is critical for the individualized risk assessment of patients with ACL injury. The aim of this current concepts article is to raise awareness of the essential anatomical, physiological, and activity-related risk factors associated with ACL injury and reinjury risk that are likely captured and confounded by patient age. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.