ArticleNature nanotechnology2025
The pathways for nanoparticle transport across tumour endothelium.
Article in Nature nanotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Understanding DMG: current treatment options and prospective solutions using nanoparticles.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Hyper-Intense Tumor Peripheral Accumulation of Antibody-Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles can Enable Breast Cancer Detection by Magnetic Particle Imaging.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- TIM3-targeted delivery of venetoclax overcomes drug resistance and reinvigorates NK cell activity in acute myeloid leukemia.Nature cancer · 2026Article
- Loading is not delivering: Intracellular drug retention and migration capacity govern macrophage-based drug delivery.Science advances · 2026Article
- Lipid Composition Determines Hybrid Nanoparticle Selectivity: Beyond Membrane Mimicry in Cancer Targeting.Nano letters · 2026Article
- Advances in Camptothecin-Class Compounds Nanomedicines: A Comprehensive Review of Antitumor Strategies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Near-infrared II fluorescence imaging of PD-L1 and VEGF for assessing and early prediction of "T+A" therapeutic responsiveness in hepatocellular carcinoma.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Review
- A RIG-I targeting nanozyme induces PANoptosis for cancer immunotherapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A Mitochondria-Specific Nanomedicine for Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Therapy and Immunogenic Activation Against Breast Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence empowered biomaterials for cancer therapy: From rational design to clinical translation.Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu · 2026Article
- Dissecting the aberrant vasculature of glioblastoma: mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Ultrasound-Boosted Liposomal Prodrug Overcomes Age-Associated Biodistribution Disparity in Pediatric Solid Tumor Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Surface Avidity of Anionic Polypeptide Coatings on Layer-by-Layer Nanoparticles Target Cancer-Associated Amino Acid Transporters.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen Reveals PIK3CA Inhibition Enhances Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated siRNA Delivery.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Targeted Removal of HCV E2 N2 N-Glycan Is Associated with Improved Immune Responses in Mice.Biomolecules · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The active transport and retention principle is an alternative mechanism to the enhanced permeability and retention effect for explaining nanoparticle tumour delivery. It postulates that nanoparticles actively transport across tumour endothelial cells instead of passively moving through gaps between these cells. How nanoparticles transport across tumour endothelial cells remains unknown. Here we show that nanoparticles cross tumour endothelial cells predominantly using the non-receptor-based macropinocytosis pathway. We discovered that tumour endothelial cell membrane ruffles capture circulating nanoparticles, internalize them in intracellular vesicles and release them into the tumour interstitium. Tumour endothelial cells have a higher membrane ruffle density than healthy endothelium, which may partially explain the elevated nanoparticle tumour accumulation. Receptor-based endocytosis pathways such as clathrin-mediated endocytosis contribute to nanoparticle transport to a lesser extent. Nanoparticle size determines the degree of contribution for each pathway. Elucidating the nanoparticle transport mechanism is crucial for developing strategies to control nanoparticle tumour delivery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.