Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40097449›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Evolution of indirect reciprocity under emotion expression.

Henrique Correia da Fonseca, Celso M de Melo, Kazunori Terada, Jonathan Gratch, Ana S Paiva, Francisco C Santos

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Henrique Correia da FonsecaINESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, IST-Taguspark, 2744-016, Porto Salvo, Portugal. henrique.c.fonseca@tecnico.ulisboa.pt.
Celso M de MeloDEVCOM U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Playa Vista, CA, 90094, USA.
Kazunori TeradaGifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
Jonathan GratchUniversity of Southern California, 12015 E Waterfront Dr, Los Angeles, CA, 90094, USA.
Ana S PaivaINESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, IST-Taguspark, 2744-016, Porto Salvo, Portugal.
Francisco C SantosINESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, IST-Taguspark, 2744-016, Porto Salvo, Portugal.

Funding

Horizon 2020 952215JST-Mirai Program JPMJMI22J3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Do emotion expressions impact the evolution of cooperation? Indirect Reciprocity offers a solution to the cooperation dilemma with prior work focusing on the role of social norms in propagating others' reputations and contributing to evolutionarily stable cooperation. Recent experimental studies, however, show that emotion expressions shape pro-social behaviour, communicate one's intentions to others, and serve an error-correcting function; yet, the role of emotion signals in the evolution of cooperation remains unexplored. We present the first model of IR based on evolutionary game theory that exposes how emotion expressions positively influence the evolution of cooperation, particularly in scenarios of frequent errors. Our findings provide evolutionary support for the existence of emotion-based social norms, which help foster cooperation among unrelated individuals.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionCooperative BehaviorEmotionsGame TheoryHumansSocial BehaviorCooperationEmotion expressionEvolutionary game theoryIndirect reciprocityReputation

Identifiers

PMID40097449
PMCPMC11914290

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.