Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40096988›Full record

ArticleSaudi medical journal2025

Evaluation of haemoglobin constant spring phenotypes and their haematological characteristics among high school students in Terengganu, Malaysia: A single - centred study.

Sharifatul F Embong, Sumaiyah Adzahar, Adibah Daud, Mohammad H Nordin, Sarah A Halim, Wan Zuhairah W Embong, Nabilah Rameli, Razan H Zulkeflee, Rosnah Bahar

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Article in Saudi medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sharifatul F EmbongFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Sumaiyah AdzaharFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3378-1897
Adibah DaudFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Mohammad H NordinFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Sarah A HalimFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Wan Zuhairah W EmbongFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Nabilah RameliFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Razan H ZulkefleeFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Rosnah BaharFrom the Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory (F. Embong, Adzahar, Daud), Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, from the Department of Pathology (W. Embong), Sultanah Nur Zahirah Hospital, from the Department of Pathology (Rameli), Dungun Hospital, Terengganu, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Halim), College of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, and from the Department of Haematology (Zulkeflee, Bahar), School of Medical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo assess the prevalence of hemoglobin constant spring (Hb CS) in the Terengganu population, to evaluate the haematological parameters of individuals with heterozygous Hb CS, homozygous Hb CS, and compound heterozygous Hb CS, and to compare the effectiveness of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) in detecting Hb CS.

methodsThis study employed a cross-sectional design involving Form 4 secondary school students from Terengganu. Hemoglobin variants were analyzed using CE (CAPILLARYS2 Flex-Piercing System) and HPLC (VARIANT II). Molecular testing, including multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplification refractory mutation system-PCR techniques, was carried out to detect alpha thalassemia mutations.

resultsThe prevalence of Hb CS revealed 92.2% heterozygous (mean zone 2 CE peak value of 0.7%), 7.2% compound heterozygous (mean zone 2 CE peak value of 1.2%), and 0.5% homozygous cases (mean zone 2 CE peak value of 4.5%).

conclusionThe study highlights a significant prevalence of Hb CS among the Terengganu population, with heterozygous cases being the most common. The peak values in zone 2 CE varied significantly among the heterozygous, compound heterozygous, and homozygous HbCS cases, indicating the potential utility of these measurements in distinguishing between different clinical phenotypes.

Indexed as

Hemoglobins, AbnormalAdolescentChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCross-Sectional StudiesElectrophoresis, CapillaryFemaleHeterozygoteHomozygoteHumansMalaysiaMalePhenotypePrevalenceStudentsHemoglobin Constant SpringHemoglobins, Abnormalalpha thalassemiacapillary electrophoresishaemoglobin constant springhigh performance liquid chromatography

Identifiers

PMID40096988
PMCPMC11918671

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.