ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Audible enclaves crafted by nonlinear self-bending ultrasonic beams.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dual-domain metamaterials co-integrated with a compact ultrasonic transducer for highly directional audio generation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Tunable Sound Absorption via Evanescent-Wave Coupling in Asymmetric Bilayer Metasurfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Audible enclaves crafted by nonlinear self-bending ultrasonic beams.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Delivering audible content to a targeted listener without disturbing others is paramount in audio engineering. However, achieving this goal has long been challenging due to the diffraction of low-frequency (long-wavelength) audio waves in linear acoustics. Here, we introduce an approach for creating remote audio spots, dubbed audible enclaves, by harnessing the local nonlinear interaction of two self-bending ultrasonic beams with distinct spectra. The self-bending ultrasonic beams created by acoustic metasurfaces, though inaudible, can bypass obstacles such as human heads. At their intersection behind obstacles, highly localized audible enclaves are formed due to the local nonlinear interactions. Additionally, we demonstrate the ultrabroadband capabilities of our metasurface-based implementation both numerically and experimentally, spanning from 125 Hz to 4 kHz (6 octave bands), covering the majority of the audible frequency range. The practicality of our proposed technique is underscored by its compact implementation size (0.16 m, equivalent to 0.06 wavelengths at 125 Hz), as well as its robust performance under wideband transient audio signal excitation and in a common room with reverberations. Our proposed audible enclaves hold significant potential for various applications in advanced audio engineering, including private speech communications, immersive spatial audio reproduction, and high-resolution sound/quiet zone control.
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