High-Sensitivity Magnetic Field Sensor Based on an Optoelectronic Oscillator with a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer.

Mingjian Zhu, Pufeng Gao, Shiyi Cai, Naihan Zhang, Beilei Wu, Yan Liu, Bin Yin, Muguang Wang

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Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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8 authors.

Mingjian ZhuKey Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.

Pufeng GaoKey Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.

Shiyi CaiKey Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.

Naihan ZhangChina United Network Communications Group Corporation Limited, Beijing 100033, China.

Beilei WuKey Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.

Yan LiuKey Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0846-9327

Bin YinCollege of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.

Muguang WangKey Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4915-2083

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China U2006217, 62371035

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A high-sensitivity magnetic field sensor based on an optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The magnetic field sensor consists of a fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer, with the lower arm of the interferometer wound around a magnetostrictive transducer. Due to the magnetostrictive effect, an optical phase shift induced by magnetic field variation is generated between two orthogonal light waves transmitted in the upper and lower arms of the MZI. The polarization-dependent property of a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) is utilized to transform the magnetostrictive phase shift into the phase difference between the sidebands and optical carrier, which is mapped to the oscillating frequency upon the completion of an OEO loop. High-sensitivity magnetic field sensing is achieved by observing the frequency shift of the radio frequency (RF) signal. Temperature-induced cross-sensitivity is mitigated through precise length matching of the MZI arms. In the experiment, the high magnetic field sensitivity of 6.824 MHz/mT with a range of 25 mT to 25.3 mT is achieved and the sensing accuracy measured by an electrical spectrum analyzer (ESA) at "maxhold" mode is 0.002 mT. The proposed sensing structure has excellent magnetic field detection performance and provides a solution for temperature-insensitive magnetic field detection, which would have broad application prospects.

Indexed as

Mach–Zehnder interferometermagnetic field measurementmicrowave photonicsoptical fiber sensingoptoelectronic oscillator

Identifiers

PMID40096470

DOI10.3390/s25051621

PMCPMC11902482

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.