Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40096433›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

SimulatorOrchestrator: A 6G-Ready Simulator for the Cell-Free/Osmotic Infrastructure.

Rohin Gillgallon, Reham Almutairi, Giacomo Bergami, Graham Morgan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rohin GillgallonSchool of Computing, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK.ORCID 0009-0000-2678-9458
Reham AlmutairiSchool of Computing, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1685-3919
Giacomo BergamiSchool of Computing, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1844-0851
Graham MorganSchool of Computing, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0089-0395

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To the best of our knowledge, we offer the first IoT-Osmotic simulator supporting 6G and Cloud infrastructures, leveraging the similarities in Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) architectures when used in Osmotic architectures and User-Centric Cell-Free mMIMO (massive multiple-input multiple-output) architectures. Our simulator acts as a simulator orchestrator, supporting the interaction with a patient digital twin generating patient healthcare data (vital signs and emergency alerts) and a VANET simulator (SUMO), both leading to IoT data streams towards the cloud through pre-initiated MQTT protocols. This contextualises our approach within the healthcare domain while showcasing the possibility of orchestrating different simulators at the same time. The combined provision of these two aspects, joined with the addition of a ring network connecting all the first-mile edge nodes (i.e., access points), enables the definition of new packet routing algorithms, streamlining previous solutions from SD-WAN architectures, thus showing the benefit of 6G architectures in achieving better network load balancing, as well as showcasing the limitations of previous approaches. The simulated 6G architecture, combined with the optimal routing algorithm and MEL (Microelements software components) allocation policy, was able to reduce the time required to route all communications from IoT devices to the cloud by up to 50.4% compared to analogous routing algorithms used within 5G architectures.

Indexed as

6G architecturehealthcare transportationIoTpatient monitoringtraffic simulators

Identifiers

PMID40096433
PMCPMC11902857

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.