Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40096222›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Optimal dimensions and performance evaluation of a truncated spherical dielectric lens antenna at X-band frequencies.

Syed Zeeshan Ali, Kamran Ahsan, Danish Ul Khairi, Syed Akhter Raza, Wadee Alhalabi, Lina Hussain Kazem, Muhammad Shahid Anwar

Abstract read
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Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Syed Zeeshan AliDepartment of Computer Science, Federal Urdu University Arts and Science Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-7122-4824
Kamran AhsanFaculty of Engineering and Computer Science, Millennium Institute of Technology and Entrepreneurship, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Danish Ul KhairiDepartment of Computer Science, Federal Urdu University Arts and Science Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Syed Akhter RazaDepartment of Computer Science, Federal Urdu University Arts and Science Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Wadee AlhalabiImmersive Virtual Reality Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4505-7268
Lina Hussain KazemImmersive Virtual Reality Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Shahid AnwarDepartment of AI and Software Gachon University Seongnam-si, South Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-8093-6690

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study presents the design and development of a truncated spherical dielectric lens antenna. The primary goal of this research is to significantly improve and optimize the directivity and beamwidth characteristics of the feed antenna by adjusting the feed position around the focal point of the lens. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with a dielectric constant of 2.1, is chosen as the lens medium. Simulations are carried out using the CST-Studio Suite across the span of 8 to 12 GHz. Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and an anechoic chamber are utilized for experimental validation. Directivity of 21.9 dBi and a beamwidth of 13.1° have been achieved by optimizing the dimensions of 24.34 mm thickness, 55 mm center of curvature and 110 mm aperture of the lens. By utilizing its simple geometrical shape, compact size, and ease of design and construction, this dielectric lens antenna is ideal for RF applications, particularly when energy concentration is necessary.

Indexed as

LensesEquipment DesignModels, TheoreticalPolytetrafluoroethylenePolytetrafluoroethylene

Identifiers

PMID40096222
PMCPMC11913264

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.