Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40095212›Full record

Observational studyAging clinical and experimental research2025

Cognitive function in generally healthy adults age 70 years and older in the 5-country DO-HEALTH study: MMSE and MoCA scores by sex, education and country.

Melanie Kistler-Fischbacher, Ghazala Gohar, Caroline de Godoi Rezende Costa Molino, Katharina Geiling, Tatjana Meyer-Heim, Reto W Kressig, E John Orav, Bruno Vellas, Sophie Guyonnet, José A P da Sliva and 5 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Aging clinical and experimental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01745263 (Vitamin D3 - Omega3 - Home Exercise - Healthy Ageing and Longevity Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01745263 phase3completednot on this map

Vitamin D3 - Omega3 - Home Exercise - Healthy Ageing and Longevity Trial (Acronym: DO-HEALTH)

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ZurichRan2012 to 2018Enrolled2,157ConditionsImprove Healthy Ageing in Seniors, Prevent Disease at Older AgeArmsVitamin D3, Omega 3 fatty acids, Strength Home Exercise, Flexibility Home Exercise
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Melanie Kistler-FischbacherCentre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7783-5872
Ghazala GoharCentre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Caroline de Godoi Rezende Costa MolinoCentre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6925-1201
Katharina GeilingCentre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Tatjana Meyer-HeimUniversity Clinic for Aging Medicine, City Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Reto W KressigUniversity Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3215-7681
E John OravDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Bruno VellasIHU HealthAge, University Hospital Toulouse and University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
Sophie GuyonnetIHU HealthAge, University Hospital Toulouse and University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
José A P da SlivaCentro Hospitalare Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2782-6780
René RizzoliDivision of Bone Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-422X
Gabriele ArmbrechtDepartment of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6578-338X
Elisabeth Steinhagen-ThiessenFRIEDE SPRINGER - Cardiovascular Prevention Center, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
Andreas EgliCentre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-4167
Heike A Bischoff-FerrariCentre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Heikea.bischoff-ferrari@uzh.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4554-658X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) are validated and frequently used screening tools for cognitive function.

aimsTo present MMSE and MoCA scores by sex, age and education among community-dwelling older adults.

methodsThis is a post-hoc observational analysis using data from the DO-HEALTH trial, which included generally healthy adults (≥ 70 years) from Switzerland, Germany, Austria, France, and Portugal who scored at least 24 points on the MMSE at baseline. We present MMSE and MoCA scores overall and by country, sex, age (70-74 years, ≥ 75 years), education (≤ and > median education years).

results2151 DO-HEALTH participants (mean age 74.9 years, 57% aged 70-74 years, 62% women) were included. The median (IQR) years of education was 12 (10-15), median MMSE score was 29 (28-30) and median MoCA score was 26 (23-28) points. In subgroups by sex, age, and education, the median MMSE score remained 29 for all subgroups, except for participants with shorter education (≤ 12 years) and higher age (≥ 75), who scored 28 points. For MoCA, the median score in subgroups ranged from 24 to 27 points. Participants with shorter education (≤ 12 years) and higher age (≥ 75) had lowest scores (men 24, women 25 points).

conclusionsWe provide MMSE and MoCA scores for generally healthy, community-dwelling older adults from Switzerland, Germany, Austria, France and Portugal. The median MMSE and MoCA scores differed with age and education, and - less consistently - with sex.

trial registrationInternational Trials Registry (clinicaltrials.gov; registration ID: NCT01745263), registered December 2012.

Indexed as

CognitionMental Status and Dementia TestsAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsAustriaEducational StatusFemaleFranceGermanyHumansMalePortugalSex FactorsSwitzerlandCognitive functionMini mental state examinationMontreal cognitive assessmentObservational study

Identifiers

PMID40095212
PMCPMC11913955

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.