Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40094083›Full record

ArticleCommunications earth & environment2025

Sustainable palm oil certification inadvertently affects production efficiency in Malaysia.

Nina Zachlod, Michael Hudecheck, Charlotta Sirén, Gerard George

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications earth & environment, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nina ZachlodInstitute of Responsible Innovation, University of St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-0656-7553
Michael HudecheckInstitute of Responsible Innovation, University of St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.ORCID 0009-0006-8975-2496
Charlotta SirénInstitute of Responsible Innovation, University of St.Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-6984-4952
Gerard GeorgeGeorgetown University, Washington, DC USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6963-5085

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sustainability certifications have rapidly gained prominence and become standards across many industries, yet knowledge about the potential unintended consequences of their criteria remains limited. Here, we use European Space Agency multispectral imagery satellite data in combination with economic and location data to investigate whether the certification process for palm oil production results in unintended consequences. Our results indicate decreases in plantation efficiency both prior to and following the certification obtainment. Our findings highlight the importance of considering possible unintended consequences of sustainability certifications beyond their immediate goals and criteria.

Indexed as

Environmental studiesSocial sciences

Identifiers

PMID40094083
PMCPMC11903298

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.