Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40093028›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in reproductive health2025

Comparison of bacterial vaginosis symptoms reported in social media vs. those reported by patients.

Andriana H Velmahos, Briah Cooley Demidkina, Caroline M Mitchell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in reproductive health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Andriana H VelmahosBoston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
Briah Cooley DemidkinaVincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
Caroline M MitchellVincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.

Funding

Novel mechanisms of pathogenesis in idiopathic vaginitisR21AI113439 · NIAID · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI MITCHELL, CAROLINE M · 2015 to 2016
$499k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI113439
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: There is an increasing tendency to seek health information online rather than through medical professionals. However, the easy accessibility of information online allows for an increased risk of encountering medical misinformation. Methods: We compared descriptions of symptomatology of bacterial vaginosis (BV) on four social media platforms: Instagram, Facebook, YouTube and X (Twitter). We then compared the frequency of discussion of symptoms with patients' report of symptoms in clinically diagnosed BV, vulvovaginal candidiasis and vulvodynia. Results: Social media was more likely to report burning (45% of posts), itching (45%) or pain (23%) as symptoms of BV than patients (moderate-severe itching 30%, burning 21% or pain 21%). Although pain was reported more often by people with vulvodynia, other symptoms were not different across diagnoses. Discussion: Social media overemphasizes the ability of symptoms to allow self-diagnosis of vaginitis, which can lead to delayed treatment, highlighting the need to promote accurate health information online.

Indexed as

bacterial vaginosissocial mediavaginal dischargevaginal healthvulvovaginal itching

Identifiers

PMID40093028
PMCPMC11906998

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.