ArticleIJTLD open2025
Non-sputum-based triage and confirmatory diagnostic tests for pediatric TB.
Article in IJTLD open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Whom tuberculosis tests detect and why it matters: implications for diagnostic algorithms.The Lancet. Microbe · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-sputum-based triage and confirmatory tests are essential for early TB detection and timely treatment in children.
methodsA mini-review was conducted from January 2022 to May 2024, evaluating five studies on non-sputum-based assays for childhood TB diagnosis. Both Microbiological and Clinical Reference Standards were used to assess diagnostic accuracy and triage potential.
resultsAmong the confirmatory tests, only the gastric aspiration test with cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification tests (CBNAAT) met the WHO Target Product Profile criteria. However, this method remains invasive and is not suitable for point-of-care testing. Urine testing by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or C-ELISA (BJ76/A194) demonstrated high performance but lacked point-of-care applicability in resource-limited settings. Stool testing with CBNAAT is a viable alternative with high specificity but low sensitivity. For triage, urine lipoarabinomannan tests and blood MTB-HR tests show promise based on specificity, practicality, cost, and turnaround time.
conclusionThis review highlights the performance of non-sputum-based assays for childhood TB and their potential as triage tools. While some other innovations show promise for the triage and/or diagnosis of TB in adults, further studies are needed to evaluate the performance of these tests in pediatric populations.
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