ArticleGenes & diseases2025
Comprehensive analysis of immune subtype characterization on identification of potential cells and drugs to predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Genes & diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Noninvasive Characterization of Tumor Heterogeneity in HNSCC: From Clinical Utility to Biological Correlates.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals immune microenvironment heterogeneity in BRCA1-mutated and sporadic triple-negative breast cancer.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a novel T cell exhaustion-related signature to predict prognosis in patients with breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- USP20 as a key regulator of immunosuppression and a novel predictor of poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.Biology direct · 2026Article
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- Re-Thinking Pharmacokinetics in Ovarian Cancer: What Do Organoids Add?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
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- Consensus machine learning identifies cell death gene signature for carotid artery stenosis diagnosis.iScience · 2026Article
- COPG1 Is a Selectively Essential Regulator of Cancer Progression and Chemoresistance via Redox Modulation and AKT Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- BayesCNV: A Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Sensitive and Specific Copy Number Estimation in Cell Free DNA.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- MicroRNAs-Are They Possible Markers of Allergic Diseases and Efficient Immunotherapy?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Risk Scores for Stratifying Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Optimizing Surveillance Strategies.Cancers · 2026Review
- TRIM family proteins: dual roles in tumor immunity.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunosubtyping enables the segregation of immune responders from non-responders. However, numerous studies failed to focus on the integration of cellular heterogeneity and immunophenotyping in the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients' response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We categorized HCC patients into various immune subtypes based on feature scores linked to ICI response. Single-cell sequencing technology was to investigate the cellular heterogeneity of different immune subtypes and acquire significant ICI response-associated cells. Candidate drugs were identified using a blend of various drug databases and network approaches. HCC patients were divided into two distinct immune subtypes based on characterization scores of 151 immune-related gene sets. Patients in both subtypes showed varying overall survival, immunity levels, biological activities, and TP53 mutation rates. Subtype 1-related natural killer cells showed a positive correlation with immune-promoting scores but a negative correlation with immune-suppressing scores. Notably, docetaxel sensitivity in HCC patients rose as the levels of subtype 1-related natural killer cells increased. Our study demonstrated that immune subtypes have cellular heterogeneity in predicting response to ICIs. A combination of subtype 1-associated natural killer cells and docetaxel may offer new hope for ICI treatment in HCC.
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