Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40092349›Full record

ArticleBehavior analysis in practice2025

Creating Plots for Single-Subject Research Designs in R.

Jorge A Ruiz, Cristina G Guerrero Sánchez

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Behavior analysis in practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jorge A RuizCentro de Estudios E Investigaciones en Conocimiento y Aprendizaje Humano, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz México.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9495-2042
Cristina G Guerrero SánchezCentro de Estudios E Investigaciones en Conocimiento y Aprendizaje Humano, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz México.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The use of single-subject research designs is common among behavior analysts, as well as among other professionals interested in the study of behavior. Although there are clear guidelines for creating graphs to represent data collected with these designs, the type of tools used to produce them requires considerable time and effort to cover the specific criteria to plot data for each type of design and always involves the purchase of a software's license. This manuscript describes four functions created in R language to automatically produce plots with specific characteristics for data collected using single-subject experimental designs. These functions were included in a package created in R to facilitate their sharing, installation, and use (R package for data analysis and representation in behavior science, https://github.com/ruizvja/RDARBS). The application of these functions is exemplified for the cases of reversal design, multi-element design, changing criteria, and multiple baseline. The relevance and convenience of functions is illustrated and discussed in the context of other proposals that have been made for the specialized production of plots for single-subject research designs.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsPlotsR-packageSingle-subject designs

Identifiers

PMID40092349
PMCPMC11904069

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.