Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40092297›Full record

ReviewExploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy2025

Metabolic mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance.

Luis Cabezón-Gutiérrez, Magda Palka-Kotlowska, Sara Custodio-Cabello, Beatriz Chacón-Ovejero, Vilma Pacheco-Barcia

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Luis Cabezón-GutiérrezMedical Oncology, Hospital Universitario De Torrejón, 28850 Madrid, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3468-3626
Magda Palka-KotlowskaMedical Oncology, Hospital Universitario De Torrejón, 28850 Madrid, Spain.
Sara Custodio-CabelloMedical Oncology, Hospital Universitario De Torrejón, 28850 Madrid, Spain.
Beatriz Chacón-OvejeroDepartment of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Vilma Pacheco-BarciaMedical Oncology, Hospital Universitario De Torrejón, 28850 Madrid, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet its efficacy is frequently compromised by metabolic mechanisms that drive resistance. Understanding how tumor metabolism shapes the immune microenvironment is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies. This review examines key metabolic pathways influencing immunotherapy resistance, including glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. We discuss their impact on immune cell function and tumor progression, highlighting emerging therapeutic strategies to counteract these effects. Tumor cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to sustain proliferation, altering the availability of essential nutrients and generating toxic byproducts that impair cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cell activity. The accumulation of lactate, deregulated lipid metabolism, and amino acid depletion contribute to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting metabolic pathways, such as inhibiting glycolysis, modulating lipid metabolism, and restoring amino acid balance, has shown promise in enhancing immunotherapy response. Addressing metabolic barriers is crucial to overcoming immunotherapy resistance. Integrating metabolic-targeted therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors may improve clinical outcomes. Future research should focus on personalized strategies to optimize metabolic interventions and enhance antitumor immunity.

Indexed as

cancerImmune resistancemetabolismtumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID40092297
PMCPMC11907103

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.