Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40092059›Full record

ArticlePopulation and environment2025

Social differences in cause-specific infant mortality at the dawn of the demographic transition: New insights from German church records.

Michael Mühlichen, Gabriele Doblhammer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Population and environment, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Michael MühlichenFederal Institute for Population Research (BiB), Wiesbaden, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7396-069X
Gabriele DoblhammerInstitute for Sociology and Demography, Department of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7746-0652

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Little is known about social gradients in cause-specific infant mortality in the nineteenth century. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to explore this connection for the time prior to the epidemiologic and demographic transitions. We used the church records of Rostock, an important port city on the Baltic coast in northern Germany, and prepared and merged the baptismal and burial registers of its largest parish (St. Jakobi) for the periods 1815-1836 and 1859-1882. Based on individual-level data ( Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11111-025-00483-w.

Indexed as

Causes of deathGermanyNeonatal and post-neonatal mortalityNineteenth centurySeasonalitySocial class

Identifiers

PMID40092059
PMCPMC11906567

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.