ReviewCureus2025
Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Scoping Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease: comparison with rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Sjogren's Disease and Elevated Cardiovascular Risk: Mechanisms and Treatment.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
- Impact of antiphospholipid and antinuclear antibodies in coronary artery disease progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. CAD is characterized by atherosclerosis and inflammation of the intima layer in blood vessels. Autoimmune diseases have a well-established association with CAD, which is accredited to the role immune modulators play in atherogenesis and autoimmune disease. Antinuclear-antibody (ANA) is an immunoglobulin that attacks nuclear and cytoplasmic components within cells, serving as a biomarker for many autoimmune conditions. This study evaluates whether ANA titers serve as an independent risk factor for CAD and its clinical manifestations. A scoping review was conducted using the following databases: CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Embase, ProQuest, OVID Medline, and PubMed. The search terms "Coronary artery disease" OR "Coronary disease" OR "Coronary aneurysm" AND "Antibodies, Antinuclear" were used to search for articles from 2000 to 2024. The initial search identified 442 articles and a total of 13 articles were included in the final results for data extraction. After analysis, 329 patients with CAD were found to have positive ANA titers, where a titer greater than 1:40 was considered positive. Among these patients, the most prevalent titer was 1:160 (0.31, n=103). Confounding rheumatological factors were evaluated: anti-cardiolipin IgG and IgM were the second most common antibodies (0.39, n=130) (0.37. n=123). Furthermore, a strong positive association between ANA titers and the number of stenotic coronary vessels was seen in the coronary artery ectasia (CAE) population. Hypertension was the most frequently observed comorbidity. Although smoking and being a male individual is a common risk factor for CAD, it was found that ANA titers were most prevalent in female nonsmokers. Results indicate that positive ANA titers could be an independent risk factor for CAD in patients without established autoimmune disease. This is evidence, particularly among patients with CAE, that the severity of ectasia in the coronary vessels is correlated with the strength of ANA titers. This investigation suggests that patients with positive ANA titers should undergo preliminary cardiovascular screening. Further research is needed to isolate ANA from traditional risk factors of CAD and to explore the potential use of ANA titers as a screening tool for CAD.
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