SynthesisThe British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science2025
Systematic review of risk factors for violence in psychosis: 10-year update.
Synthesis in The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Factors associated with aggressive behavior in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Mechanical restraint in inpatient psychiatric settings: A systematic review of international prevalence, associations, outcomes, and reduction strategies.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Pooled it
- Association between thyroid hormone T3 and aggression in drug-naïve schizophrenia: a directed acyclic graph analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Forensic mental health service use in early psychosis: A scoping review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Review
- Epidemiology of aggression and violence in mental disorders and the approach of TRR 379.Der Nervenarzt · 2026Review
- Substance use disorder in forensic hospitals: A scoping review of practices and interventions.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Review
- Distinct neural responses to punishment anticipation in violent and non-violent individuals with schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Structural brain abnormalities and aggression in schizophrenia: mega-analysis of data from 2095 patients and 2861 healthy controls via the ENIGMA consortium.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Suicide by Proxy: A Psychoanalytic Hypothesis Illustrated by Three Forensic Case Reports.Case reports in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Factors associated with violent behavior among hospitalized adolescents with affective disorders: a two-center cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Application of the Plan-Do-Check-Act Management Model to Violence Risk Management in a Psychiatric Ward: Impact on Patient Safety and Nurse-Patient Relationships.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
- Review
- Understanding psychiatric-legal disagreements in not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder cases: a gradient boosting model perspective.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUnderstanding risk factors for violence in people with psychosis can inform risk management and violence prevention. However, much of the evidence comes from cross-sectional studies, and previous reviews require updating.
aimsTo synthesise evidence from longitudinal studies on risk factors for violence in people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder or other affective psychoses.
methodWe searched five bibliographic databases up to June 2022. We identified longitudinal studies reporting risk factors for violence in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or other psychoses using DSM or ICD criteria. If ≥3 independent samples reported a risk factor, we conducted random-effects meta-analyses to provide a pooled estimate. We also meta-analysed risk factors by major domains.
resultsWe identified 47 longitudinal studies on risk factors for violence in psychosis, representing 41 independent samples - 21 from the original and 20 from the updated review - and 203 297 individuals. A total of 30 risk factors were present in ≥3 independent samples. Criminal history factors were associated with the greatest risk of violent outcomes (pooled odds ratio 3.50, 95% CI = 2.37, 5.16), followed by substance misuse factors (odds ratio 2.36, 95% CI = 1.99, 2.80). Many treatment-related factors were protective (odds ratio 0.54, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.85). Effect estimates were attenuated in inpatient settings. We also identified novel risk factors, including cannabis use, in a secondary analysis (odds ratio 3.34, 95% CI = 2.32, 4.82).
conclusionsUsing longitudinal evidence, we have validated comorbid substance misuse and criminal history as major risk factors for violence in psychosis. Novel factors such as cannabis use need further replication. Several identified factors are possible intervention targets if associations are found to be causal.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.