SynthesisBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2025
Risk Factors for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Reduced Fetal Movement: An IPD Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Women's perspectives on fetal movement monitoring in high and low stillbirth settings: a mixed-methods study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Factors predicting adverse perinatal outcomes in women presenting with decreased fetal movements.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Echoes of Pregnancy: Maternal Perception of Phantom Fetal Movements After Childbirth.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Observational
- Fetal and maternal surveillance in high-risk pregnancy: tools, timing, and trends.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWomen experiencing reduced fetal movements (RFM) have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). This study aimed to identify factors most associated with APO in RFM pregnancies.
designIndividual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA).
settingMultiple maternity units across the UK. POPULATION OR SAMPLE: 1175 singleton pregnancies with RFM between 28
methodsFactors associated with APO were assessed using two-stage IPD-MA.
main outcome measuresA composite adverse pregnancy outcome, including: adjusted Odds Ratio, stillbirth, fetal growth restriction (FGR, birthweight ≤ 3rd centile) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. MAIN
resultsAPO occurred in 7.7% of RFM pregnancies, with FGR being the most common complication (4.6%). The strongest associations with APO were observed for abnormal fetal heart rate (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 3.65, 95% CI: 1.84-7.23), cigarette smoking (aOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.36-6.44) and maternal past medical history (aOR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.14-4.82). Lower estimated fetal weight (EFW) centile was also significantly associated with APO (aOR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99), though substantial heterogeneity was present between studies (I
conclusionsIPD-MA enabled the synthesis of individual-level data across studies, allowing for more accurate and reliable associations by accounting for heterogeneity. Further work is required to investigate the model's generalisability across diverse populations.
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