System Design Considerations for Magneto-Electrocatalysis of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

The integration of an external magnetic field into electrocatalysis, termed magneto-electrocatalysis, can target efficiency challenges in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Reaction rates can be enhanced through improved mass transport of reactants and products, manipulation of spin states, and lowered resistance. The OER is a kinetic bottleneck in electrocatalytic water splitting for sustainable hydrogen fuel. Previous studies lack comprehensive analyses and consistent reporting of magnetic field effects, resulting in varied interpretations. To establish optimized and reliable systems at larger scales, significant research advancements are required. This perspective explores the complex impact of magnetic fields on OER, emphasizing the interplay between various mechanisms such as spin-polarization of oxygen intermediates, Lorentz force-induced magnetohydrodynamics, and magnetoresistance. Here, how experimental design - such as electrode magnetism, shape, positioning, and reactor setup - can significantly influence these mechanisms is highlighted. Through a comprehensive review of current studies, major knowledge gaps and propose methodologies are identified to improve experimental reproducibility and comparability. This article aims to guide researchers toward the development of more efficient, scalable systems that leverage magnetic fields to enhance water splitting to push forward commercial green hydrogen production.