Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40091167›Full record

ArticleTherapeutic delivery2025

Formulation and characterization of Mirtazapine loaded mucoadhesive cubosomal in-situ gel for intranasal delivery.

Hetal P Thakkar, Ajay Unagar, Drashti Goinawala, Rushabh Panchal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Therapeutic delivery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Mirtazapine revisited: new therapeutic perspectives and formulation advances.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hetal P ThakkarFaculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India.
Ajay UnagarFaculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India.
Drashti GoinawalaFaculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India.
Rushabh PanchalFaculty of Pharmacy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThe goal of the present investigation was to formulate and characterize the Cubosomal in-situ gel of Mirtazapine for intranasal delivery. The cubosomal preparation ensures higher entrapment of drug and delivery through intranasal route improves brain targeting of drug by avoiding the Blood Brain Barrier. MATERIALS AND

methodsCubosomes were prepared by bottom-up approach & Central Composite Design was used for optimization. In-situ thermosensitive gel was formulated by cold method and optimization was done based on gelation temperature and time. The optimized cubosomal formulation was evaluated for various parameters like vesicular size, entrapment efficiency, TEM analysis, in-vitro drug release and ex-vivo permeation study. The cubosomal in-situ gel was evaluated for gelling time, temperature, mucoadhesive and gelling strength. RESULTS AND

conclusionThe optimized formulation exhibited 90.33% drug release which confirms that it exhibited superior drug release characteristic as compared to pure drug suspension. The optimized formulation was evaluated for nasal toxicity studies which assure its safety to nasal mucosal membrane. The

Indexed as

Antidepressive Agents, TricyclicMianserinAdhesivenessAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsBrainChemistry, PharmaceuticalDrug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationGelsMaleMirtazapineNasal MucosaParticle SizeRatsAntidepressive Agents, TricyclicDrug CarriersGelsMianserinMirtazapineBlood Brain barrierin vitroin vivonanotechnologynasaltargeting - organ

Identifiers

PMID40091167
PMCPMC12140455

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.