Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40090689›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial of a Hospital-Community-Home Tiered Transitional Care (HCH-TTC) programme for individuals with type 2 diabetes: a study protocol.

Ruijie Ma, Zheng Zhu, Min Lu, Hongyan Wang, Baiyun Zhou, Mengyao Shao, Yanmei Wang

Abstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ruijie Ma *School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-3817-7705
Zheng Zhu *School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Min LuDepartment of Nursing, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China.
Hongyan WangDepartment of Nursing, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China.
Baiyun ZhouSchool of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
Mengyao ShaoDepartment of Nursing, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China.
Yanmei WangDepartment of Nursing, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China 877927981@qq.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and its complications significantly increase the risk of premature mortality and disability among patients, placing a considerable burden on socioeconomic development. Evidence has shows that effective transitional care can improve health outcomes for patients with T2DM. However, T2DM transitional care faces challenges including service discontinuity, communication breakdowns and a lack of personalised design, leading to potential issues of undertreatment and overtreatment, increasing the risk of improper blood sugar management. To address these challenges, our research team developed the Hospital-Community-Home Tiered Transitional Care (HCH-TTC) programme for patients with T2DM, aiming to evaluate its effectiveness and feasibility through a randomised controlled trial (RCT). METHOD AND ANALYSIS: The multicentre, pragmatic, double-blind RCT will enrol 180 patients with T2DM from the Jinqiao Medical Union in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. The experimental group will participate in a 6-month HCH-TTC programme, which provides personalised transitional care strategies tailored to patients' evolving health conditions and nursing needs. This tiered management approach includes follow-up, health education, personalised guidance and health monitoring, with variations in intensity, frequency and type based on individual requirements. The control group will receive Hospital-Community-Home Routine Transitional Care programme, consisting of routine follow-up, health education and health monitoring during the same period. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, 1 month postintervention, 3 months and 6 months. The primary outcomes are glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes include fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPPG), diabetes knowledge level, diabetes self-management ability, diabetes treatment adherence, nursing service satisfaction, diabetes complications rate and unplanned readmission rate. Statistical analysis will employ independent sample ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Gongli Hospital Ethics Committee (GLYY1s2021-010) approved the study. Results will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200063322.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Home Care ServicesTransitional CareBlood GlucoseChinaDouble-Blind MethodGlycated HemoglobinHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicPragmatic Clinical Trials as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinClinical Trial ProtocolDiabetes MellitusHCH-TTCRandomized Controlled TrialTransitional Care

Identifiers

PMID40090689
PMCPMC11911697

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.