Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40089654›Full record

ArticleJournal of occupational rehabilitation2026

Assisting Employers of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) to Support Employees on Long-Term Sick-Leave: Development of a Web-Based SME Tool Using Intervention Mapping.

Donna C E Beerda, Frederieke G Schaafsma, Sietske J Tamminga, Astrid de Wind, Angelique E de Rijk, Michiel A Greidanus

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Donna C E BeerdaDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. d.c.e.beerda@amsterdamumc.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0428-1797
Frederieke G SchaafsmaDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Sietske J TammingaDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Astrid de WindDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Angelique E de RijkDepartment of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Research Institute Primary Care and Public Health (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Michiel A GreidanusDepartment of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

ZonMw 10320052010010
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeEmployers of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face challenges in supporting employees on long-term sick-leave, due to limited resources and expertise available. This study aimed to develop an intervention assisting employers of SMEs in supporting long-term sick-listed employees during sick-leave and return to work (RTW).

methodsIntervention mapping (IM) steps 1-4 were employed to develop the intervention. For the needs assessment, 20 employers, 8 employees, 8 occupational physicians, and 9 other stakeholders were interviewed (step 1). A logic model of change was developed (step 2), followed by the identification of theoretical methods for achieving the changes required (step 3). The intervention was composed (step 4), incorporating the results of a pilot test with 4 employers, 4 employees, 4 occupational physicians, and 3 other stakeholders.

resultsIdentified needs (step 1) span knowledge on legislation, communication skills, stakeholder engagement, practical support, actions regarding RTW, relapse prevention, and organizational policy. Using the self-determination theory as the theoretical basis for improving employer intention and ability to support sick-listed employees (steps 2 and 3), a web-based intervention was developed (step 4) (hereafter: SME tool). The SME tool includes succinct tips, communication videos, and practical checklists. Minor adjustments were made following the pilot test, such as adding supplementary information on privacy regulations and preventive strategies.

conclusionBy focusing on enhancing SME employers' intention and ability to support their long-term sick-listed employee(s), the developed SME tool has the potential to improve the satisfaction of employees with the sick-leave and RTW support of their employer during long-term sick-leave.

Indexed as

Return to WorkSick LeaveAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeeds AssessmentPilot ProjectsWorkplaceEmployerIntervention developmentOccupational health servicesOnline interventionReturn to workSick-leaveSmall business

Identifiers

PMID40089654
PMCPMC13099837

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.