ArticleScientific reports2025
mPEG-PCL modified Caffeic acid eye drops for endotoxin-induced uveitis treatment.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
The modulation of inflammatory mediators has emerged as a critical therapeutic strategy in uveitis management. Current nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapies face limitations due to systemic side effects. Caffeic acid (CA), a natural polyphenol with anti-inflammatory properties, holds therapeutic potential but suffers from poor solubility and ocular irritation. This study aimed to develop mPEG-PCL-modified CA-loaded nanoparticles (NanoCA) as a non-invasive eye drop formulation to enhance CA's solubility, bioavailability, and efficacy in treating endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). NanoCA was synthesized via the thin-film hydration method, characterized for size, zeta potential, drug loading, and release profile. Cytotoxicity was assessed in human corneal epithelial and RAW264.7 cells. Ocular tolerance was tested via slit-lamp and histopathological examinations. In vivo efficacy was evaluated in an EIU rat model using clinical scoring, histopathology, and immunofluorescence. NanoCA formed uniform nanospheres (42.40 ± 0.22 nm, -0.97 mV) with high encapsulation efficiency (99.17%). It exhibited sustained release over 12 h and reduced cytotoxicity compared to free CA. In EIU rats, NanoCA significantly suppressed inflammation, downregulated CD68 expression, and preserved aqueous barrier integrity. Histopathology confirmed minimal inflammatory infiltrates in NanoCA-treated eyes. The formulation demonstrated excellent ocular biocompatibility without corneal damage. NanoCA eye drops offer a safe, non-invasive therapeutic strategy for EIU, combining enhanced anti-inflammatory efficacy with high ocular tolerance. This nanoformulation presents a promising alternative to conventional CA delivery methods.
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