Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40087894›Full record

ArticleActa physiologica (Oxford, England)2025

Cold-induced fibrosis and metabolic remodeling in the turtle (Trachemys scripta) ventricle.

Adam N Keen, James C McConnell, John J Mackrill, John Marrin, Alex J Holsgrove, Janna Crossley, Alex Henderson, Gina L J Galli, Dane A Crossley, Michael J Sherratt and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Acta physiologica (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Adam N KeenDivision of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2187-5282
James C McConnellDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9412-1644
John J MackrillDepartment of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-2473-129X
John MarrinDivision of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0009-0000-8941-7299
Alex J HolsgroveDivision of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Janna CrossleyDepartment of Biology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA.
Alex HendersonManchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5791-8555
Gina L J GalliDivision of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1023-915X
Dane A CrossleyDepartment of Biology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9683-7013
Michael J SherrattDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4759-6617
Peter GardnerDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4034-3764
Holly A ShielsDivision of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5223-5205

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimCardiac fibrosis contributes to systolic and diastolic dysfunction and can disrupt electrical pathways in the heart. There are currently no therapies that prevent or reverse fibrosis in human cardiac disease. However, animals like freshwater turtles undergo seasonal remodeling of their hearts, demonstrating the plasticity of fibrotic remodeling. In Trachemys scripta, cold temperature affects cardiac load, suppresses metabolism, and triggers a cardiac remodeling response that includes fibrosis.

methodsWe investigated this remodeling using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging spectroscopy, together with functional assessment of muscle stiffness, and molecular, histological, and enzymatic analyses in control (25°C) T. scripta and after 8 weeks of cold (5°C) acclimation.

resultsFTIR revealed an increase in absorption bands characteristic of protein, glycogen, and collagen following cold acclimation, with a corresponding decrease in bands characteristic of lipids and phosphates. Histology confirmed these responses. Functionally, micromechanical stiffness of the ventricle increased following cold exposure assessed via atomic force microscopy (AFM) and was associated with decreased activity of regulatory matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and increased expression of MMP inhibitors (TMPs) which regulate collagen deposition.

conclusionsBy defining the structural and metabolic underpinnings of the cold-induced remodeling response in the turtle heart, we show commonalities between metabolic and fibrotic triggers of pathological remodeling in human cardiac disease. We propose the turtle ventricle as a novel model for studying the mechanisms underlying fibrotic and metabolic cardiac remodeling.

Indexed as

Cold TemperatureHeart VentriclesTurtlesVentricular RemodelingAcclimatizationAnimalsFibrosisatomic force microscopycollagenFTIRglycolysisheartmetabolismseasonal biology

Identifiers

PMID40087894
PMCPMC11909586

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.