Women twice as likely to develop Alzheimer's disease as men - but scientists do not know why.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

1. Reproductive life stages and cognitive outcomes: a systematic review in Latin American and Caribbean women.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026
   Pooled it
2. Air pollution is associated with sex-specific longitudinal changes in astrocytic and neuroinflammatory processes linked to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease at-risk individuals.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
   Observational
3. Alzheimer's Disease Leads to Chronic Pathological Changes and Inflammasome Signaling in an Animal Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.Cells · 2026
   Article
4. Surgery Is Not Associated With Early Presentation of Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment or Increased Risk for Both.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026
   Article
5. Transcriptional analyses identify pericyte-centered signaling programs altered by sex and brain region in Alzheimer's Disease.Communications biology · 2026
   Article
6. Insights into the therapeutic strategies for aging and aging-associated diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
   Review
7. Sex-dependent interferon signaling contributes to female-biased vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026
   Article
8. Targeting of kinases to treat neurodegenerative diseases.Pharmacological reviews · 2026
   Review
9. Sex-Based Differences in Noncommunicable Diseases in Older Adults: Raising the Profile of Older Females.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026
   Article
10. Sex differences in neuromodulatory subcortical systems and their implications for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
11. Sex-dependent rescue of memory and synaptic deficits in AD model mice by increasing PSD-95 palmitoylation.Communications biology · 2026
    Article
12. Challenges and Opportunities of Drug Delivery for Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026
    Review
13. Introducing the SAGE study: a multimodal protocol for testing a GABAergic mechanism of age-related episodic memory impairment across the sexes.BMJ neurology open · 2026
    Article
14. Adverse childhood experiences, early menopause, cognition, and dementia in older adults in the United States.Communications health · 2026
    Article
15. Tracking Cognitive Health With Wearables in Telerehabilitation Female Participants: Could Nighttime Sleep Measures Be Used as Sex-Specific Digital Endpoints?JMIR neurotechnology · 2026
    Article
16. Longitudinal investigation of spatial memory and retinal parameters in a 5xFAD model of Alzheimer's disease reveals differences dependent on genotype and sex.Biomedical optics express · 2026
    Article
17. Sex hormones in the nucleus incertus: a novel perspective on sex/gender differences in memory and mood dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026
    Review
18. Predicting longitudinal basal forebrain volume in the Alzheimer's disease spectrum: the role of sex and ApoE epsilon 4 genotype.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026
    Article
19. Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment among rural Chinese older women: anxiety and poor sleep as sequential correlates-A cross-sectional analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026
    Article
20. Sex-Specific Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Brain Structures Vulnerable to Alzheimer's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Brazilian Cohort.Brain sciences · 2025
    Article

Corrections and comments

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Authors and funding

1 author.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.