Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40087324›Full record

Observational studyScientific reports2025

Sex as modifier of survival in patients with advanced urothelial cancer treated with pembrolizumab.

Lorena Incorvaia, Sarah Scagliarini, Fernando Sabino Marques Monteiro, Hideki Takeshita, Jose Carlos Tapia, María Natalia Gandur Quiroga, Elaine Lam, Deniz Tural, Lazar Popovic, Saul Campos-Gomez and 20 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors.

Lorena IncorvaiaDepartment of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care (Me.Pre.C.C.), Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy. lorena.incorvaia@unipa.it.
Sarah ScagliariniUOC di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Cardarelli di Napoli, Naples, Italy.
Fernando Sabino Marques MonteiroLatin American Cooperative Oncology Group - LACOG, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Hideki TakeshitaDepartment of Urology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
Jose Carlos TapiaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
María Natalia Gandur QuirogaHospital Ángel H. Roffo, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Elaine LamUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Deniz TuralDepartment of Medical Oncology, Bakirköy Dr. SadiKonuk Training and Research Hospital, Tevfik Saglam St. No: 11, Zuhuratbaba District, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey.
Lazar PopovicOncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Saul Campos-GomezCentro Oncologico Estatal ISSEMYM, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico.
Paolo Andrea ZucaliDepartment of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Augusto MotaClínica AMO, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Cinzia OrtegaMichele and Pietro Ferrero Hospital - ASL CN2, Verduno, Italy.
Juan Pablo SadeInstituto Alexander Fleming, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Mimma RizzoDivision of Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
Ondřej FialaDepartment of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Nuno VauUrologic Oncology, Champalimaud Clinical Center, 1400-038, Lisbon, Portugal.
Patrizia GiannatempoDipartimento di Oncologia Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Halima AbahssainMedical Oncology Unit, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, National Institute of Oncology, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Andrea Benedetto GalosiUrology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Giuseppe BadalamentiDepartment of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care (Me.Pre.C.C.), Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
Jindrich KopeckyDepartment of Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Aristotelis Bamias2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, ATTIKON University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Johannes LandmesserKlinik Für Urologie, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
Jawaher AnsariMedical Oncology, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Fabio CalabròMedical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
Francesco MassariMedical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Sebastiano ButiMedical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Joaquim BellmuntDana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Matteo SantoniOncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Via Santa Lucia 2, 62100, Macerata, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gender- and sex-based disparities in response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has been reported in a variety of tumor types. Women have different anatomy with recurrent urinary tract infections, a different sex hormonal profile, and intrinsic differences in local and systemic immune systems and urobiome composition. Existing literature data in a pan-cancer context reveal contradictory results, and real-world evidence in urothelial carcinoma (UC) is lacking. This was a real-world, multicenter, international, observational study to determine the sex effects on the clinical outcomes in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients progressing or recurring after platinum-based therapy and treated with pembrolizumab as a part of routine clinical care. A total of 1039 patients, treated from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2023 in 68 cancer centers were included. Our data showed that women with metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab had shorter OS than men, with a 13% advantage in the 5-year OS rate for male patients. A deeper understanding of these results may inform sex-stratification in future prospective clinical trials and help develop strategies to reduce the magnitude of the sex disparities observed in urothelial cancer outcomes.

Indexed as

Antibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalCarcinoma, Transitional CellUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsUrologic NeoplasmsAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsMaleMiddle AgedSex FactorsTreatment OutcomeUrotheliumAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalImmune Checkpoint InhibitorspembrolizumabImmunotherapyNCT05290038PembrolizumabSex differencesUrothelial Cancer

Identifiers

PMID40087324
PMCPMC11909119

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.