Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40087313›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Enhancing solubility and dissolution of felodipine using self-nanoemulsifying drug systems through in vitro evaluation.

Anil Pawar, Shruti Dere, Ramdas Pandhare, Popat Mohite, Hanan M Alharbi, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Vinoth Kumarasamy, Swastika Maitra, F M Mashood Ahamed, Daniel Ejim Uti and 1 more

Abstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Supercritical COChemical engineering journal advances · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Anil PawarMula Education Society's College of Pharmacy, Sonai, Tal-Newasa, Dist-Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
Shruti DereMula Education Society's College of Pharmacy, Sonai, Tal-Newasa, Dist-Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
Ramdas PandhareMula Education Society's College of Pharmacy, Sonai, Tal-Newasa, Dist-Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
Popat MohiteAETs St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Manor Road, Palghar, Maharashtra, India. mohitepb@gmail.com.
Hanan M AlharbiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Vetriselvan SubramaniyanDivision of Pharmacology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, BandarSunway, 47500, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Vinoth KumarasamyDepartment of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Swastika MaitraCentre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
F M Mashood AhamedPG and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Daniel Ejim UtiDepartment of Research and Publications, Kampala International University, P.O. Box 20000, Kampala, Uganda. daniel.ejimuti@kiu.ac.ug.
Ajoy KumerDepartment of Chemistry, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh. kumarajoy.cu@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The main objective of the present study was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of felodipine (FLD), a drug that does not dissolve well in water, using a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS). Many analyses have been performed in the laboratory using different oils, non-ionic surfactants, and water-soluble co-solvents to prepare FLD-loaded SNEDDS. It involves measurements of viscosity, refractive index, and droplet size. Solubility studies revealed the best way to load drugs, and pseudo-ternary phase diagrams showed the right amounts of surfactant and co-surfactant for preparing the nanoemulsion. An in vitro dissolution study showed that SNEDDS worked better than pure FLD, releasing over 95% of FLD within 20 min. SNEDDS loaded with felodipine are a good option for developing new oral medicines because they can hold more drugs, dissolve better, and dissolve more quickly. This new SNEDDS technology shows promise for improving the performance of drugs that do not dissolve well, which could lead to better therapeutic results.

Indexed as

Calcium Channel BlockersFelodipineNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemEmulsifying AgentsSolubilityCalcium Channel BlockersEmulsifying AgentsFelodipineNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemCosurfactantFelodipineIn vitro drug releaseSelf-nanoemulsifying systemSurfactant

Identifiers

PMID40087313
PMCPMC11909129

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.