ArticleActa parasitologica2025
Clinical Analyses of 4 Cases of Microsporidial Keratoconjunctivitis.
Article in Acta parasitologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bilateral Encephalitozoon hellem Keratoconjunctivitis With Microsporidial Spores in Parrot Feces.Cureus · 2026Article
- Bilateral microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in an orthokeratology lens wearer: a case report and literature review.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Clinical profile of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in healthy individuals of China -new species and neglected risk factors.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo report four cases of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis (MKC) from The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (from May 2023 to October 2024) and to aid ophthalmologists in diagnosing and treating MKC, as MKC has been increasingly reported in Asian healthy individuals but not much in Mainland China.
methodsFour patients with MKC were studied. Demographic information, symptoms, and clinical data were collected. Diagnosis involved ophthalmic examinations, corneal scraping microscopy (including Giemsa staining, modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, Calcofour white staining), bacterial and fungal cultures, and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Treatment included various topical medications like polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), fluconazole, tacrolimus, sodium hyaluronate, and systemic medication such as albendazole.
resultsThree cases were caused by Encephalitozoon hellem proved by mNGS. Patients had symptoms like eye redness, swelling, pain, foreign body sensation, and vision loss. Risk factors included improper contact lens - wearing habits, contact with birds, or exposure to potentially contaminated environments. All patients showed improvements after treatment, with 3 cases cured and 1 case improved.
conclusionMKC is a unilateral, acute, non-purulent ocular surface infectious disease. Clinicians should be more aware of it. Diagnosis depends on recognizing clinical signs, exploring risk factors, and laboratory tests. There is no consensus on treatment, but combined topical and systemic anti-protozoal drugs showed good results. Further large-scale validation is needed. Relevant departments should strengthen water source management, and patients should pay attention to personal hygiene.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.