ArticlePloS one2025
Factors influencing ankle alignment changes following medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: Preoperative knee and ankle deformities and extent of knee alignment correction.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionThe impact of medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (MUKA) on ankle alignment is not well-studied. This study aims to investigate the changes in ankle alignment following MUKA and identify the influencing factors. MATERIALS AND
methodsA retrospective analysis included 175 patients undergoing MUKA between 2018 and 2020. Patients were categorized into varus (n = 113) or valgus (n = 62) ankle groups based on preoperative ankle deformities. Preoperative and postoperative full-length standing radiographs were used for radiographic measurements.
resultsFollowing MUKA, significant differences in the change in tibial plafond-talus angle (PTA) were observed between the groups, with the varus ankle group showing a change of -0.71 ± 0.82° and the valgus ankle group showing a change of 0.08 ± 0.94° (p < 0.001). In the varus ankle group, the tibial plafond-ground angle (PGA) increased from -3.65 ± 4.22° preoperatively to -0.51 ± 4.52° postoperatively (p < 0.001), talus-ground angle (TGA) increased from -5.28 ± 4.32° to -1.32 ± 4.74° (p < 0.001), and PTA decreased from 1.52 ± 1.04° to 0.81 ± 1.12° (p < 0.001). In the valgus ankle group, PGA increased from -5.44 ± 4.39° to -1.43 ± 4.63° (p < 0.001) and TGA increased from -4.55 ± 4.24° to -0.59 ± 4.47° (p < 0.001), but PTA did not show a significant change. Ankle alignment change significantly correlated with preoperative joint line convergence angle (JLCA), preoperative medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), preoperative PGA, preoperative TGA, preoperative PTA, hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) changes, and bearing thickness.
conclusionsMUKA significantly corrects the majority of ankle alignment towards a more neutral position. The extent of ankle alignment correction is influenced by preoperative knee and ankle joint deformities, as well as the degree of knee alignment correction.
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