ArticleFamily medicine2025
Exploring Community-Based Residency Programs in High-Need Black Counties.
Article in Family medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Perceived Barriers to Accessing Clinical Resources for Chronic Illnesses in Residents of Black Communities in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Spanish-Speaking Resident Physicians in the United States: Aligning Workforce Skill and Population Need.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesPrimary care physician (PCP) shortages and uneven geographic distribution are well-documented. Black populations have less access to primary care and worse health outcomes, with a lack of provider-patient racial concordance playing a role. Addressing these disparities requires targeted approaches that produce more Black PCPs in high-need areas, including expanding community-based residency programs (CBRPs), which are more likely to produce physicians in high-need areas. This research explores the relationship between high-need Black counties and the location of CBRPs.
methodsWe used geographic information systems to identify high-need counties-defined as those in the bottom quartile for PCP capacity for every year from 2013 to 2020 and in the top quartile for percentages of Black populations (2017-2021). Next, we applied proximity analysis to identify high-need counties within 25 and 50 miles of CBRPs.
resultsMore than 3 million people live in the 147 high-need counties, which are mostly in the Southern United States. Nearly 60% of the 867,000 Black people living in these counties can be found in Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and Virginia. About one-half of high-need counties do not have any CBRPs located within 50 miles. More than one-third of these counties are in Georgia, Louisiana, and Virginia.
conclusionsIncreasing the number of PCPs in high-need areas requires targeted funding for expanding current and creating new CBRPs with the greatest potential of producing physicians in these areas. Future research will explore all family medicine residency programs relative to high-need areas and identify potential new program locations.
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Registered trials
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