ArticleJournal of neurology2025
Long-term CSF responses in adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy type 2 or 3 on treatment with nusinersen.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated U1 snRNA Delivery Restores Aberrant Pre-mRNA Splicing in Human Cells.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Biomarkers in spinal muscular atrophy.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background5q-associated spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a monogenic disease causing progressive alpha motor neuron degeneration, muscle atrophy, and weakness. Intrathecal therapy with the antisense oligonucleotide nusinersen modifies the disease course. However, biomarkers for understanding underlying molecular pathomechanisms and monitoring therapy are not yet known.
methodsA total of 130 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 24 adult patients with SMA type 2 or 3 were collected over 3.5 years, and CSF proteome was analyzed using mass spectrometry (MS). By applying two complementary MS protein quantification methods, label-free quantification (LFQ) and tandem mass tag (TMT) isotopic labeling, specific protein patterns reflecting changes in the CSF in response to nusinersen therapy were identified. These results were combined with cellular and metabolic profiles.
resultsNusinersen therapy led to a median motor function improvement of 2.2 Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale-Expanded points after 10 months and 2.6 points after 34 months. CSF macrophages increased in number and showed an altered morphology. Albumin quotient (qAlb), glucose, and lactate concentrations were inversely correlated with clinical improvement. MS analysis of CSF identified 1,674 (TMT) and 441 (LFQ) proteins. Protein profiles reflected reduced inhibition of "nervous system development" and "axogenesis" pathways under therapy. In addition, clinical improvement was associated with upregulation of the interacting proteins α-dystroglycan and beta-1,4-glucuronyltransferase 1, reduction of complement factors, negative correlation in immunoglobulin- and B cell-related pathways, and reduction of cellular mediators such as lymphocytes.
conclusionThe present multi-proteomic analysis contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying nusinersen's therapeutic effects and offers potential biomarkers for monitoring treatment response in SMA.
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