ArticleSAGE open medicine2025
Unpacking beauty norms and body image: Development and validation of the perceptions of beauty standards scale.
Article in SAGE open medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Body image and mental health in chronic skin conditions: A psychosomatic perspective from a systematic review.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2025Pooled it
- Body image dissatisfaction among adolescents residing in Kathmandu Metropolitan City: a community-based cross-sectional study.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Self-Esteem and Sexual Well-Being.Nursing research and practice · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Perceptions of beauty, deeply rooted in societal norms, significantly impact self-esteem, self-concept, and mental well-being. This study aimed to develop and validate the Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale, a tool designed to assess how individuals perceive societal beauty standards. Methods: The Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale was developed and validated following extensive literature review, expert consultation and survey among 313 adolescents in Kathmandu, Nepal. Items in the scale reflect societal standards of beauty, focusing on physical attributes such as weight, skin color, and body imperfections. Results: Content validity was established with a scale-level content validity index of 0.95 and an item-level content validity index above 0.83 for all items. The initial 10-item Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale underwent exploratory factor analysis, which revealed two factors: "Beauty Perceptions" (38.67% variance explained) and "Acceptance of Beauty Diversity" (10.47% variance explained). However, two items exhibited instability in factor loadings and item-total correlations, prompting their removal from the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed for the Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale-10 two-factor model, the single-factor model, and the revised 8-item version (Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale-8). Confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed that the Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale-8 exhibited a good fit (CMIN/DF = 2.30, TLI = 0.947, SRMR = 0.040, RMSEA = 0.061), demonstrating strong construct validity. Conclusion: The scale showed good psychometric properties, including content validity, construct validity, and reliability. The Perceptions of Beauty Standards Scale-8 offers a robust measure of societal beauty perceptions, providing valuable insights into body image and mental health, particularly in environments where societal beauty standards strongly influence self-esteem.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.