ArticleHeliyon2025
Climate variability impacts on sanitation services in an informal urban settlement of Tandale Ward in Dar es Salaam Tanzania.
Article in Heliyon, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Impact of extreme weather events on faecal sludge management based on standardized precipitation index in Dar es Salaam.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Global efforts to expand access to sanitation are challenged by climate variability, which disrupts Faecal Sludge Management Services (FSMs) including pit/septic tank emptying operations, transportation, treatment processes at drying beds and treatment plants, routine operation and maintenance of facilities, and safe disposal from onsite sanitation systems. This study conducted in Tandale Ward, a low-lying area with informal settlements explores the impact of rainfall variability on faecal sludge management. Analysis of rainfall data revealed significant variability, with an annual CV of 28.08 %, 31.8 % in long rains, 47.0 % in the dry season, and 51.4 % in short rains. The short rain season showed irregular rainfall distribution, with PCI values exceeding 20 % in 1991, 2002, and 2008. SAI analysis highlighted anomalies, particularly a strong positive SAI in 2017 (2.9), an exceptionally wet year. The Mann-Kendall test revealed a moderately increasing trend in annual and seasonal rainfall, with a significant rise during the dry season. High PCI values are associated with flooding, potentially leading to overloaded containment systems, frequent latrine overflows, and contamination of water sources. Conversely, low SAI values are related to prolonged droughts that reduce water availability, disrupting faecal sludge emptying, transportation, and treatment operations. These findings underscore the importance of integrating climate data into sanitation planning to enhance the sustainability and resilience of FSM systems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.