ArticleHealth science reports2025
Relationship Between Periodontitis and the Severity of Lung Infection Caused by COVID-19: A Case-Control Observational Study.
Article in Health science reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background and Aims: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic necessitates a deeper understanding of risk factors associated with severe outcomes. Chronic Periodontitis, a persistent inflammatory condition affecting the gums, may be linked to increased COVID-19 severity. This study aimed to determine the relationship between periodontitis and the severity of lung infection caused by COVID-19. Methods: This observational study was conducted at Valiasr Hospital, Zanjan, Iran, between 2019 and 2020. Participants included individuals with COVID-19-related pneumonia (cases) and a control group without COVID-19. Pneumonia severity was assessed using the Pneumonia Severity Index, while periodontal status was evaluated through clinical parameters such as the Plaque Index, Gingival Index, and probing depth (PD). Statistical analyses included Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney U tests, and multivariate models to examine associations and control for potential confounders, including age, gender, education, and place of residence. Results: The study included 160 participants, with 86 classified as COVID-19 cases and 74 as controls. Analysis revealed no significant disparities in demographic variables between the two groups. Additionally, no notable differences were observed in the distribution of periodontal conditions. However, a significant correlation emerged between periodontal indices and COVID-19 severity ( Conclusion: Further research is warranted to validate these observations, elucidate the underlying mechanisms, and explore potential interventions targeting periodontal health as a strategy for COVID-19 risk reduction.
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