Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40082473›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Solar-powered light-modulated microwave programmable metasurface for sustainable wireless communications.

Han Wei Tian, Ya Lun Sun, Xin Ge Zhang, Xin Li, Qian Zhu, Chao Song, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Tie Jun Cui, Wei Xiang Jiang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Han Wei Tian *State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8745-7614
Ya Lun Sun *State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Xin Ge ZhangState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4799-9758
Xin LiState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Qian ZhuState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Chao SongState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Cheng-Wei QiuDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Tie Jun CuiState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. tjcui@seu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-1497
Wei Xiang JiangState Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. wxjiang81@seu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3122-5937

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2021M700762National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62201143National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62288101National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) U23B2015Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation) BK20220807
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Programmable metasurface holds big promise in wireless communications by virtue of its powerful capability in controlling electromagnetic waves. However, challenges exist for the programmable metasurface in achieving self-sufficient renewable energy supply and flexible and reliable multi-domain information transmissions. Here, we report a solar-powered light-modulated microwave programmable metasurface (SLMPM) by integrating a photovoltaic module to acquire information from modulated light and energy from sunlight simultaneously. Such an SLMPM enables direct, real-time, and reliable information transmissions from light to microwave domains under direct sunlight exposure, with the flexibility to implement various modulation schemes. Its low power consumption and on-board energy harvesting capability allows for 24 hours of light-to-microwave information transmission with 8 hours of sole sunlight energy input. A hybrid wireless communication system for real-time image transmission is demonstrated to show the outstanding features of SLMPM. We believe that SLMPM can contribute to the sustainable advancement of future wireless communications, rendering them more cost-effective, energy-efficient, environment-friendly, and ubiquitous.

Identifiers

PMID40082473
PMCPMC11906650

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.