Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40081912›Full record

Observational studyRMD open2025

Associations of sociodemographic, clinical factors and HLA-B alleles with enthesitis and peripheral arthritis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Benjamin Sornrung Naovarat, Lianne Gensler, Michael Ward, Mark Hwang, Amirali Tahanan, Mohammad Hossein Rahbar, Mariko Ishimori, MinJae Lee, Matthew A Brown, Michael H Weisman and 1 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in RMD open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Global epidemiology of spondyloarthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Benjamin Sornrung NaovaratDivision of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Lianne GenslerDivision of Rheumatology, The University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Michael WardIntramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Mark HwangDivision of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2160-1481
Amirali TahananDivision of Clinical and Translational Sciences, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Mohammad Hossein RahbarDivision of Clinical and Translational Sciences, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Mariko IshimoriDivision of Rheumatology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
MinJae LeeDivision of Biostatistics, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Matthew A BrownKing's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0538-8211
Michael H WeismanDivision of Rheumatology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
John D ReveilleDivision of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA john.d.reveille@uth.tmc.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-5950-0913

Funding

Institutional Career Development CoreKL2TR003168 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI MILLER, CHARLES C · 2019 to 2023
$4.9M
Molecular Profiling of Spinal Disease Progression in Ankylosing SpondylitisK23AR083506 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI Mark Chiawei Hwang · 2024 to 2026
$488k
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR003168NIAMS NIH HHS K23 AR083506
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesFactors associated with peripheral arthritis and enthesitis, especially Achilles tendonitis and plantar fasciitis, were examined in a longitudinal cohort of 1075 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (also known as radiographic axial spondyloarthritis).

methodsPatients were derived from the Prospective Study of Outcomes in Ankylosing Spondylitis cohort. Disease activity and functional indices, as well as physical examination and medications used, were measured at every study visit. Univariable and multivariable analyses of the association of peripheral arthritis and enthesitis with clinical, sociodemographic factors were performed. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B alleles were analysed by single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis.

resultsThose with peripheral arthritis on examination were more likely to have psoriasis (p=0.001, OR=1.68; CI, 1.11, 2.54), greater functional impairment (p<0.001 OR=1.72; CI, 1.31, 2.27), higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p<0.001), greater tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor (p<0.001, OR=1.50; CI, 1.14, 1.97) and use methotrexate/sulfasalazine (p<0.001, OR=2.25, CI [1.57, 3.23]). Patients with enthesitis were less likely to be male (p<0.001, OR=0.57; CI, 0.43, 0.75) and have peripheral arthritis (p<0.001, OR=2.35; CI, 1.47, 3.75), greater functional impairment (p<0.001, OR=1.91; CI, 1.43, 2.55) and higher ESR/CRP levels (p<0.001). Patients with plantar fasciitis and/or Achilles' tendonitis on examination were less likely to male (p<0.001 OR=0.57; CI, 0.43, 0.75), to have significant functional impairment (p<0.001), to be using TNF inhibitors (p<0.001, OR=1.48; CI 1.13, 1.93) and to be using either sulfasalazine or methotrexate (p<0.001, OR=1.86, CI, 1.30, 2.67). HLA-B*15 (p=0.03, OR=1.84; CI, 1.05, 3.21) and HLA-B*37 (p=0.04, OR=3.00; CI, 1.03, 8.74) were marginally increased in frequency in those with peripheral arthritis on examination compared with those without.

conclusionThere was a higher prevalence of peripheral musculoskeletal manifestations in women with AS, with significant impact on physical function and greater use of methotrexate or sulfasalazine and TNF inhibitors and enrichment for certain non-HLA-B27 HLA-B alleles.

Indexed as

ArthritisEnthesopathyHLA-B AntigensSociodemographic FactorsSpondylitis, AnkylosingAdultAllelesAntirheumatic AgentsBlood SedimentationC-Reactive ProteinFemaleFunctional StatusHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMethotrexateAntirheumatic AgentsC-Reactive ProteinHLA-B AntigensMethotrexateSulfasalazineTumor Necrosis Factor InhibitorsArthritisPolymorphism, GeneticSpondyloarthritisSulfasalazineTumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40081912
PMCPMC13059886

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.