Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40080905›Full record

ArticleJournal of global health2025

The strength and weakness of Mongolian healthcare: from nomadic Gobi to Ulaanbaatar.

Wei-Ti Chen, Otgonchimeg Mangal, Khulan Munkhbaatar, Enkhtuya Vankhuu, Rachel Ha Arbing, Yae Yoshino, 2024 Sophia University Global Health Practicum Team

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wei-Ti ChenSchool of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Otgonchimeg MangalDornogovi Medical School, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Dornogovi, Mongolia.
Khulan MunkhbaatarSho-ei Kai, Social Welfare Corporation, Chiba, Japan.
Enkhtuya VankhuuInternational School of Mongolian Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Rachel Ha ArbingSchool of Nursing, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Yae YoshinoDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Human Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan.
2024 Sophia University Global Health Practicum Team

Funding

UCLA Rapid, Relevant, Rigorous Implementation Science HubP30MH058107 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Sung-Jae Lee · 1997 to 2026
$53.5M
Buddhism and HIV Stigma in Thailand: An Intervention StudyR01TW012392 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI CHEN, WEI-TI · 2022 to 2024
$823k
Project BURMESE: Buddhist Understanding and Reduction of Myanmarese Experiences of HIV Stigma and ExclusionR21TW011277 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI CHEN, WEI-TI · 2020 to 2021
$378k
FIC NIH HHS R01 TW012392FIC NIH HHS R21 TW011277NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH058107
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mongolia, the world's second-largest landlocked country, has a healthcare system shaped by Soviet and Chinese influences. While its capital, Ulaanbaatar, houses nearly half of the population with well-developed medical facilities, rural and remote areas, including the Gobi region, face significant disparities in healthcare access. Urban migration to Ulaanbaatar is driven by better economic opportunities, healthcare services, and infrastructure. Traditional Mongolian medicine (TMM) remains an integral part of healthcare, particularly in rural areas, where it is often the primary form of treatment. Despite the adoption of universal healthcare coverage, rural healthcare struggles with workforce shortages, outdated infrastructure, and limited resources. Nurses and midwives lack professional autonomy, and preventive care remains underdeveloped. To address these challenges, Mongolia can strengthen global collaborations through its 'third neighbour policy', expanding partnerships with countries like the USA and Japan to improve healthcare education and workforce capacity. Enhancing online training, telemedicine, and disease prevention programmes, particularly in rural areas, would further support healthcare development. Expanding nursing and midwifery roles, integrating health screenings into community events, and leveraging digital health technologies can bridge healthcare gaps. A holistic approach integrating modern and traditional medicine can lead to a more resilient, accessible, and culturally appropriate healthcare system.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health CareHealth Services AccessibilityMedicine, Mongolian TraditionalRural Health ServicesHumansMongolia

Identifiers

PMID40080905
PMCPMC11906202

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.