ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026
Racial/Ethnic and Nativity Disparities in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, United States 2018-2021.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Association Between Measures of Prepregnancy Insulin Resistance and Sensitivity with Subsequent Risk of Gestational Diabetes.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Based Early Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Using First-Trimester Laboratory Parameters.Cureus · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse pregnancy and birth complications. Asian populations have the highest risk of GDM, with even greater risk among foreign-born (FB) residents. Socio-political factors, such as heightened anti-Asian racism and travel restrictions during COVID19 may have further increased their risk of GDM. Our study sought to examine the associations between race/ethnicity, nativity status, and GDM rate and changes during COVID19.
methodsWe used the US National Center for Health Statistics natality administrative data (N = 14,219,719). We estimated GDM and birth rates by race/ethnicity (Asian non-Hispanic [NH], Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander NH, American Indian and Alaska Native NH, Black NH, White NH, Multiracial NH, and Hispanic/Latina) and nativity status (US-born, Foreign-born). Race/ethnicity was evaluated as a social construct for racial discrimination and nativity was evaluated as a proxy for acculturation-related risk factors. We used multivariable robust Poisson regressions to estimate GDM rates per 100 live births for each racial/ethnic group pre-COVID19 (2018-2019) and during COVID19 (2021) by FB status, adjusting for socioeconomic and major pregnancy risk factors.
resultsIn adjusted models, both Asian NH and foreign-born persons had higher rates of GDM compared to White NH (rate ratio [RR]: 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01, 2.04) and US-born (RR; 1.33, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.34) persons, respectively. Overall GDM rates increased significantly during COVID19 (RR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.18), with Asian US- and foreign-born persons experiencing the greatest absolute increase (US-born: +2.5, 95% CI: 2.4, 2.6; foreign-born: +3.6, 95% CI: 3.5, 3.6) compared to other racial/ethnic groups (US-born: range +1.3-1.7, foreign-born range: +0.5-2.9). Disaggregated by Asian ethnicity, Chinese and Vietnamese persons had the highest GDM rates overall and the greatest increase during COVID19.
conclusionWe found significant disparities in GDM rates by race/ethnicity and nativity status between 2018 and 2021, with Asian and foreign-born persons having the highest rates of GDM. Investigation into potential socio-political and other contributing factors of reproductive health inequities during COVID19 may help explain these disparities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40080378What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.