ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2025
Motor neurons in the tunicate caudal central nervous system reveal homology to the vertebrate spinal cord.
Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Similarities betweeneNeuro · 2026Article
- Validated CRISPR/Cas9 guide RNAs targeting neurodevelopmental genes in the tunicatebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Regulation of motor neuron differentiation in thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The intrinsic neuronal network of the central nervous system and its modular (subsystem) architecture in a mammal.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The dorsal/ventral subdivision of the hindbrain predates the tunicate/vertebrate split.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Validated CRISPR/Cas9 guide RNAs targeting neurodevelopmental genes in the tunicate Ciona robusta.Differentiation; research in biological diversityArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Invertebrate chordates, such as the tunicate Ciona, can offer insight into the evolution of the chordate phylum. Anatomical features shared between invertebrate chordates and vertebrates may be taken as evidence of their presence in a common chordate ancestor. The central nervous systems (CNSs) of Ciona larvae and vertebrates share a similar anatomy despite the Ciona CNS having only ∼180 neurons. However, the depth of conservation between the Ciona CNS and those of vertebrates is not resolved. The Ciona caudal CNS, while appearing spinal cord-like, has hitherto been thought to lack motor neurons, bringing into question its homology with the vertebrate spinal cord. We show here that the Ciona larval caudal CNS does, in fact, have functional motor neurons along its length, pointing to the presence of a functional spinal cord-like structure at the base of the chordates.
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