ArticlePsychiatry and clinical neurosciences2025
Neuropsychiatric symptoms cluster and fluctuate over time in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.
Article in Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Depression and apathy in frontotemporal dementia: a short assessment of facts and outlook.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Dynamic Mode Decomposition-Based Clustered Pattern Projection for Reliable Alzheimer's Disease Detection from EEG.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Examining neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional decline in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Uncovering the Role of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Cognitive Impairment Progression.Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine · 2025Article
- The association between anosognosia and neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative dementias: a narrative review.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Modeling contributions of cognition and apathy to functional impairment in younger-onset dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
26 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimCognitive and behavioral phenomena define behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), but neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) outside the core criteria are common throughout the illness. Identifying how NPS cluster in bvFTD may guide development of future therapies.
methodsParticipants (n = 354) with sporadic and genetic bvFTD were enrolled in the ARTFL LEFFTDS Longitudinal Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Consortium. Dementia stage was defined as early (CDR® plus NACC FTLD ≤1) or advanced (CDR® plus NACC FTLD ≥1). Baseline and annual follow-up visit data were analyzed to compare NPS across stages of bvFTD. Psychiatric states were captured using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire and Clinician Judgment of Symptoms. Polychoric cluster analysis was used to describe NPS clusters.
resultsNPS were highly prevalent (≥90%) in early and late bvFTD. Four NPS clusters were identified based on magnitude of factor loadings: affective, disinhibited, compulsive, and psychosis. Neuropsychiatric symptoms fluctuated across visits. In the affective cluster, depression showed the least visit-to-visit stability. In the disinhibited cluster, elation showed the least stability. Symptoms in the psychosis and compulsive clusters (hallucinations, delusions, obsessions/compulsions, and hyperorality) were largely stable, persisting from visit-to-visit in more than 50% of cases. Symptoms in the affective and disinhibited cluster were associated with the highest caregiver burden, while symptoms in the obsessive cluster were associated with the most functional impairment.
conclusionNPS in bvFTD are frequent and cluster into four discrete groups. The fluctuating nature of some NPS in bvFTD suggests that they may not be reliable markers of disease progression or stage.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.