ArticleRoyal Society open science2025
Coordination in strictly metric-free swarms: evidence for the existence of biological diversity.
Article in Royal Society open science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Coordination serves as a crucial metric for analysing collective behaviour in complex systems. Given the prevalence of biological diversity, this study re-evaluated the coordination issue in strictly metric-free (SMF) swarms, incorporating both limited perceptual ranges and hierarchical dynamics. Initially, the study introduced a single-layer hierarchical SMF model that was optimized using differential evolution strategies. Our empirical findings suggest that the leader-follower set-up marginally enhances coordination uniformity, with larger groups requiring a subtler leadership gradient than smaller groups. In addition, a global perspective may not be necessary for effective swarming because a high level of coordination and consistency can be achieved regardless of the population size, as long as the visual angle is not less than
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