Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40078434›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Linking air pollution appraisal to EFL teachers' negative emotion via mental effort: the moderating role of working memory capacity.

Yijun Shi, Shuhua Wang, Qi Hao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yijun ShiCollege of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing, China.
Shuhua WangCollege of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing, China.
Qi HaoThe School of Information Resource Management, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Based on Cognitive Load Theory, this study developed a moderated mediation model to examine the relationship between English as foreign language (EFL) teachers' air pollution appraisal and negative emotions. Specifically, it hypothesizes that air pollution appraisal significantly increases the mental effort of EFL teachers, which in turn leads to the manifestation of negative emotions. Additionally, the study introduces the concept that the working memory capacity of EFL teachers can negatively moderate the impact of increased mental effort on their emotions, effectively attenuating the overall mediating effect. Data for this research was gathered from daily diary surveys of 182 EFL teachers across 23 high schools in Shanxi Province, China. The hypotheses were tested using two-level Hierarchical Linear Modeling and Monte Carlo analysis, with all proposed hypotheses receiving empirical support. This study significantly enriches the existing literature on air pollution appraisal, EFL teacher emotion, and Cognitive Load Theory, offering crucial practical insights for educational institutions on how to mitigate the adverse effects of air pollution on teachers.

Indexed as

air pollution appraisalcognitive load theoryEFL teacher emotionsmental effortworking memory capacity

Identifiers

PMID40078434
PMCPMC11897581

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.